shell> mysql -u root
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('password');
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'host_name' = PASSWORD('password');

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user'@'client' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

• Set up an account on the master server that the slave server can use to connect

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'slave' IDENTIFIED BY 'slavepass';

• Flush all the tables and block write statements

mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;

• use tar to create an archive that includes all databases

# tar -cvf /tmp/mysql-snapshot.tar .

• read the value of the current binary log name and offset on the master:

mysql > SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File          | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.003 | 73       | test         | manual,mysql     |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

• Release the lock

mysql> UNLOCK TABLES;

• copy and extract database backup on the slave
• add the following lines to slave's my.cnf file

[mysqld]
server-id=slave_id

• unpack the snapshot
• Execute the following statement on the slave

    mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
    ->     MASTER_HOST='master_host_name',
    ->     MASTER_USER='master_user_name',
    ->     MASTER_PASSWORD='slavepass',
    ->     MASTER_LOG_FILE='recorded_log_file_name',
    ->     MASTER_LOG_POS=recorded_log_position;

• Execute START SLAVE on the slave.

• stop slave

mysql> STOP SLAVE;

• either manually delete the duplicate entry, or skip counter by issuing:

mysql> SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER = 1;

• start slave

mysql> START SLAVE;

  # mysqlcheck -p -r -q -q <table>

• start MySQL without authentification

# /usr/local/libexec/mysqld -u mysql --skip-grant

• connect to MySQL and change password

# mysql
  Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
  Your MySQL connection id is 62 to server version: 4.0.20

  Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;