IPSec for FreeBSD's jails communication

Abstract: Here we assume we have two FreeBSD hosts, A using public IP 1.1.1.1 and internal virtual net 192.168.3.0 for jails, and B using public IP 2.2.2.2 and internal net 192.168.6.0 for jails. We need hosts and jails to communicate together, preferably in a crypted way.

* [[http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/kernelconfig-building.html|Compile]] a custom kernel with the following additional options

options         IPSEC
options         IPSEC_FILTERTUNNEL
device          crypto

• Install racoon

# cd /usr/ports/sysutils/ipsec-tools/
# make install

cloned_interfaces="gif0"
ifconfig_gif0="inet 192.168.3.1 192.168.6.1 tunnel 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2"
static_routes="internalnet2"
route_internalnet2="-net 192.168.6.0/24 192.168.6.1"

ipv6_ifconfig_gif0="2001:db8:ab01::1 2001:db8:ab02::1 prefixlen 128"
ipv6_static_routes="b"
ipv6_route_b="2001:db8:ab02::1 -interface gif0"

ipsec_enable="YES"
ipsec_program="/usr/local/sbin/setkey"
ipsec_file="/usr/local/etc/racoon/setkey.conf" # allows setting up spd policies on boot
racoon_flags="-l /var/log/racoon.log && echo -n 'racoon'"
racoon_enable="yes"

gateway_enable="YES"

#!/sbin/setkey -f
flush;
spdflush;
spdadd 192.168.3.0/24 192.168.6.0/24 any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/1.1.1.1-2.2.2.2/require;
spdadd 192.168.6.0/24 192.168.3.0/24 any -P in  ipsec esp/tunnel/2.2.2.2-1.1.1.1/require;
spdadd 2001:db8:ab01::/64 2001:db8:ab02::/64 any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/2001:db8:ab01::1-2001:db8:ab02::1/require;
spdadd 2001:db8:ab02::/64 2001:db8:ab01::/64 any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/2001:db8:ab02::1-2001:db8:ab01::1/require;

# /usr/local/etc/racoon/psk.txt
# IPv4/v6 addresses
#
2.2.2.2           myfookinunforgettablepassword
2001:db8:ab02::1  myfookinunforgettablepassword

path    pre_shared_key  "/usr/local/etc/racoon/psk.txt"; #location of pre-shared key file
log     notify;  #log verbosity setting: set to 'notify' when testing and debugging is complete

padding # options are not to be changed
{
        maximum_length  20;
        randomize       off;
        strict_check    off;
        exclusive_tail  off;
}

timer   # timing options. change as needed
{
        counter         5;
        interval        20 sec;
        persend         1;
#       natt_keepalive  15 sec;
        phase1          30 sec;
        phase2          15 sec;
}

listen  # address [port] that racoon will listening on
{
        isakmp          1.1.1.1 [500];
        isakmp          2001:db8:ab01::1 [500];
        
}

remote 2.2.2.2 [500]
{
        exchange_mode   main,aggressive;
        doi             ipsec_doi;
        situation       identity_only;
        my_identifier   address 1.1.1.1;
        peers_identifier        address 2.2.2.2;
        lifetime        time 8 hour;
        passive         off;
        proposal_check  obey;
       nat_traversal   off;
        generate_policy off;

                        proposal {
                                encryption_algorithm    blowfish;
                                hash_algorithm          md5;
                                authentication_method   pre_shared_key;
                                lifetime time           30 sec;
                                dh_group                1;
                        }
}

remote 2001:db8:ab02::1 [500]
{
        exchange_mode   main,aggressive;
        doi             ipsec_doi;
        situation       identity_only;
        my_identifier   address 1.1.1.1;
        peers_identifier        address 2.2.2.2;
        lifetime        time 8 hour;
        passive         off;
        proposal_check  obey;
       nat_traversal   off;
        generate_policy off;

                        proposal {
                                encryption_algorithm    blowfish;
                                hash_algorithm          md5;
                                authentication_method   pre_shared_key;
                                lifetime time           30 sec;
                                dh_group                1;
                        }
}

sainfo (address 192.168.3.0/24 any address 192.168.6.0/24 any)     # address $network/$netmask $type address $network/$netmask $type ( $type being any or esp)
{                               # $network must be the two internal networks you are joining.
        pfs_group       1;
        lifetime        time    36000 sec;
        encryption_algorithm    blowfish,3des,des;
        authentication_algorithm        hmac_md5,hmac_sha1;
        compression_algorithm   deflate;
}
sainfo  (address 192.168.6.0/24 any address 192.168.3.0/24 any)    # address $network/$netmask $type address $network/$netmask $type ( $type being any or esp)
{                               # $network must be the two internal networks you are joining.
        pfs_group       1;
        lifetime        time    36000 sec;
        encryption_algorithm    blowfish,3des,des;
        authentication_algorithm        hmac_md5,hmac_sha1;
        compression_algorithm   deflate;
}

sainfo  address 2001:db8:ab01::/64 any address 2001:db8:ab02::/64 any    # address $network/$netmask $type address $network/$netmask $type ( $type being any or esp)
{                               # $network must be the two internal networks you are joining.
        pfs_group       1;
        lifetime        time    36000 sec;
        encryption_algorithm    blowfish,3des,des;
        authentication_algorithm        hmac_md5,hmac_sha1;
        compression_algorithm   deflate;
}
sainfo  address 2001:db8:ab02::/64 any address 2001:db8:ab01::/64 any    # address $network/$netmask $type address $network/$netmask $type ( $type being any or esp)
{                               # $network must be the two internal networks you are joining.
        pfs_group       1;
        lifetime        time    36000 sec;
        encryption_algorithm    blowfish,3des,des;
        authentication_algorithm        hmac_md5,hmac_sha1;
        compression_algorithm   deflate;
}

# ifconfig gif0 create
# ifconfig gif0 192.168.3.1 192.168.6.1
# ifconfig gif0 tunnel 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2
# ifconfig gif0 inet6 2001:db8:ab01::1 2001:db8:ab02::1 prefixlen 128
# route add 192.168.6.0 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0
# route add -inet6 2001:db8:ab02:: -interface gif0
# /etc/rc.d/ipsec start
# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/racoon start

# reboot

cloned_interfaces="gif0"
ifconfig_gif0="inet 192.168.6.1 192.168.3.1 tunnel 2.2.2.2 1.1.1.1"
static_routes="internalnet1"
route_internalnet1="-net 192.168.3.0/24 192.168.3.1"

ipv6_ifconfig_gif0="2001:db8:ab02::1 2001:db8:ab01::1 prefixlen 128"
ipv6_static_routes="a"
ipv6_route_a="2001:db8:ab01::1 -interface gif0"

ipsec_enable="YES"
ipsec_program="/usr/local/sbin/setkey"
ipsec_file="/usr/local/etc/racoon/setkey.conf" # allows setting up spd policies on boot
racoon_flags="-l /var/log/racoon.log && echo -n 'racoon'"
racoon_enable="yes"

gateway_enable="YES"

#!/sbin/setkey -f
flush;
spdflush;
spdadd 192.168.6.0/24 192.168.3.0/24 any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/2.2.2.2-1.1.1.1/require;
spdadd 192.168.3.0/24 192.168.6.0/24 any -P in  ipsec esp/tunnel/1.1.1.1-2.2.2.2/require;
spdadd 2001:db8:ab02::/64 2001:db8:ab01::/64 any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/2001:db8:ab02::1-2001:db8:ab01::1/require;
spdadd 2001:db8:ab01::/64 2001:db8:ab02::/64 any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/2001:db8:ab01::1-2001:db8:ab02::1/require;

# /usr/local/etc/racoon/psk.txt
# IPv4/v6 addresses
#
1.1.1.1           myfookinunforgettablepassword
2001:db8:ab01::1  myfookinunforgettablepassword

path    pre_shared_key  "/usr/local/etc/racoon/psk.txt"; #location of pre-shared key file
log     notify;  #log verbosity setting: set to 'notify' when testing and debugging is complete

padding # options are not to be changed
{
        maximum_length  20;
        randomize       off;
        strict_check    off;
        exclusive_tail  off;
}

timer   # timing options. change as needed
{
        counter         5;
        interval        20 sec;
        persend         1;
#       natt_keepalive  15 sec;
        phase1          30 sec;
        phase2          15 sec;
}

listen  # address [port] that racoon will listening on
{
        isakmp          2.2.2.2 [500];
        isakmp          2001:db8:ab02::1 [500];
}

remote 1.1.1.1 [500]
{
        exchange_mode   main,aggressive;
        doi             ipsec_doi;
        situation       identity_only;
        my_identifier   address 2.2.2.2;
        peers_identifier        address 1.1.1.1;
        lifetime        time 8 hour;
        passive         off;
        proposal_check  obey;
       nat_traversal   off;
        generate_policy off;

                        proposal {
                                encryption_algorithm    blowfish;
                                hash_algorithm          md5;
                                authentication_method   pre_shared_key;
                                lifetime time           30 sec;
                                dh_group                1;
                        }
}

remote 2001:db8:ab01::1 [500]
{
        exchange_mode   main,aggressive;
        doi             ipsec_doi;
        situation       identity_only;
        my_identifier   address 2.2.2.2;
        peers_identifier        address 1.1.1.1;
        lifetime        time 8 hour;
        passive         off;
        proposal_check  obey;
       nat_traversal   off;
        generate_policy off;

                        proposal {
                                encryption_algorithm    blowfish;
                                hash_algorithm          md5;
                                authentication_method   pre_shared_key;
                                lifetime time           30 sec;
                                dh_group                1;
                        }
}

sainfo (address 192.168.3.0/24 any address 192.168.6.0/24 any)     # address $network/$netmask $type address $network/$netmask $type ( $type being any or esp)
{                               # $network must be the two internal networks you are joining.
        pfs_group       1;
        lifetime        time    36000 sec;
        encryption_algorithm    blowfish,3des,des;
        authentication_algorithm        hmac_md5,hmac_sha1;
        compression_algorithm   deflate;
}
sainfo  (address 192.168.6.0/24 any address 192.168.3.0/24 any)    # address $network/$netmask $type address $network/$netmask $type ( $type being any or esp)
{                               # $network must be the two internal networks you are joining.
        pfs_group       1;
        lifetime        time    36000 sec;
        encryption_algorithm    blowfish,3des,des;
        authentication_algorithm        hmac_md5,hmac_sha1;
        compression_algorithm   deflate;
}

sainfo  address 2001:db8:ab02::/64 any address 2001:db8:ab01::/64 any    # address $network/$netmask $type address $network/$netmask $type ( $type being any or esp)
{                               # $network must be the two internal networks you are joining.
        pfs_group       1;
        lifetime        time    36000 sec;
        encryption_algorithm    blowfish,3des,des;
        authentication_algorithm        hmac_md5,hmac_sha1;
        compression_algorithm   deflate;
}
sainfo  address 2001:db8:ab01::/64 any address 2001:db8:ab02::/64 any    # address $network/$netmask $type address $network/$netmask $type ( $type being any or esp)
{                               # $network must be the two internal networks you are joining.
        pfs_group       1;
        lifetime        time    36000 sec;
        encryption_algorithm    blowfish,3des,des;
        authentication_algorithm        hmac_md5,hmac_sha1;
        compression_algorithm   deflate;
}

# ifconfig gif0 create
# ifconfig gif0 192.168.6.1 192.168.3.1
# ifconfig gif0 tunnel 2.2.2.2 1.1.1.1
# ifconfig gif0 inet6 2001:db8:ab02::1 2001:db8:ab01::1 prefixlen 128
# route add 192.168.3.0 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
# route add -inet6 2001:db8:ab01:: -interface gif0
# /etc/rc.d/ipsec start
# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/racoon start

# reboot

on host A, run the following command:

# tcpdump -i re0 host 2.2.2.2 and dst 1.1.1.1

• example of unencrypted traffic (ping) from B to A, on public IPs

23:24:42.762845 IP 2.2.2.2 > 1.1.1.1: ICMP echo request, id 37718, seq 1, length 64
23:24:43.791147 IP 2.2.2.2 > 1.1.1.1: ICMP echo request, id 37718, seq 2, length 64

• example of encrypted traffic (ping) from B to A, on private IPs

23:27:51.035045 IP 2.2.2.2 > 1.1.1.1: ESP(spi=0x0601db40,seq=0xaf3), length 116
23:27:52.063482 IP 2.2.2.2 > 1.1.1.1: ESP(spi=0x0601db40,seq=0xaf4), length 116